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xp和ubuntu双系统启动

2008-08-11 18:22:49| 分类：技术技巧 | 标签： |举报 |字号大中小订阅

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xp和ubuntu双系统启动

其实我想每一个装ubuntu的人一开始可能并不想抛弃xp，更多是想双操引导，双系统启动。我是物理隔离下安装的xp和ubuntu，所以当我把两个硬盘都插上电脑的时候，双系统启动肯定是要设置了才可以。前两篇介绍的如何安装和加快更新速度。这篇其实更是急迫一些。下面详细介绍如何双系统启动。
我的xp是安装在sata的250GB硬盘上，ubuntu是安装在ide的80GB的硬盘上。两个系统都是在物理隔离（拔了另一个电源线）的情况下安装的。当然下面的方法对于在一个硬盘安装的双系统，也是可以用的。
首先，到ubuntu的/boot/grub复制menu.lst文件到u盘（如果你的u盘中毒了，可以看我的另一篇），如果你没有u盘可以上传到网络硬盘或者你的邮箱。
然后去下载一个名叫glrldr的文件，如果你找不到，或者觉得网络上的不可靠，可以找我要。我的这个至少我用的很好，可以引导双操启动。
然后进windows xp，把刚刚说的两个文件都拷贝到c盘的根目录下。然后显示所有隐藏文件和系统文件。找到一个叫boot.ini的文件，在这个文件上点右键，将只读取消，然后打开这个文件，在最后换行加入一句话C:\grldr=ubuntu 7.10
下面是我的boot.ini的内容(两个-------之间的内容，不包括------------)
---------------------------------------------------------------
[boot loader]
timeout=3
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect
C:\grldr=ubuntu 7.10
--------------------------------------------------------------

这样基本的事情做完了。但是有一个地方要改改才能顺利启动ubuntu。
下面是我的menu.lst的原始文件的内容。

---------------------------------------------------------

# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
#            grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
#            grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
#            and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.

## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default        0

## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout        3

## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu

# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue

## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
#      password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret

#
# examples
#
# title        Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root        (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader    +1
#
# title        Linux
# root        (hd0,1)
# kernel    /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#

#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST

### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro

## Setup crashdump menu entries
## e.g. crashdump=1
# crashdump=0

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=(hd0,0)

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
##      alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
##      lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash locale=zh_CN

## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
##      lockold=true
# lockold=false

## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=

## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
##      altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
##      howmany=7
# howmany=all

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
##      memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false

## ## End Default Options ##

title        Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic
root        (hd0,0)
kernel        /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro quiet splash locale=zh_CN
initrd        /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
quiet

title        Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode)
root        (hd0,0)
kernel        /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro single
initrd        /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic

title        Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+
root        (hd0,0)
kernel        /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
我没有删除注释部分。下面是我改后的（只贴了部分），已经用红色黑体并大了一号。原来是0的地方，我改成了1。下面讲一下为什么。这个hd（数字一，数字二），数字一是指第几块硬盘，数字二是指第几个分区。因为我的ubuntu安装在第二块硬盘第一个分区所以是1，0（这个数字是从0开始的），所以大家可以依葫芦画瓢。只有一块硬盘的第一个数字肯定是0，后面的分区数字大家可以试试，很容易就可以启动了。
itle        Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic
root        (hd1,0)
kernel        /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro quiet splash locale=zh_CN
initrd        /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
quiet

title        Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode)
root        (hd1,0)
kernel        /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro single
initrd        /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic

title        Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+
root        (hd1,0)
kernel        /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

通过上面的工作，在开机之后会在进入xp的有两个选项（大概就是下面的样子），选下一个进可以进ubuntu了。那个ubuntu 7.10是自己写的，可以在boot.ini里随便改成什么。

Microsoft Windows XP Professional
ubuntu 7.10

下面再总结一下，首先要有两个文件glrldr（可以找我要）和menu.lst（自己的ubuntu文件，要改动内容）都放在c盘根目录。改动boot.ini，就可以启动了。其实非常容易就可以做到双系统引导了。

btw：昨天的那个地图update貌似feed没有更新，所以，再贴一次。

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引文来源 xp和ubuntu双系统启动 - petcon - 网易博客

----------------------------
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